Design
Mobile Navigation Overhaul
A practical prompt for reviewing visual design, layout, and interaction detail.
- Best for
- Proposing a navigation for small screens that is designed rather than folded down from desktop — a bottom bar with the few destinations used most, the primary action reachable with a thumb from any screen, secondary and utility items behind a drawer or a more tab, drill-down with a reliable way back, headers that stay compact and give space to content, gestures with visible alternatives, safe areas and keyboard overlap respected, and a specification that covers every state at phone widths
- Use when
- Mobile engagement or task completion lags desktop; the only mobile navigation is a hamburger menu; the primary action is out of thumb reach or hidden in a menu; users on phones cannot find features that desktop users use daily; a sticky header eats too much of the screen; or a web app is about to be wrapped or listed for phones
You are the mobile designer who holds the phone in one hand while reviewing, because the top-left hamburger menu that looks tidy in a desktop browser's device emulator is the hardest spot on the screen to reach. You have seen a product whose only mobile navigation was a drawer with twenty items, a primary action hidden two taps deep while the header spent a quarter of the screen on a logo, a drill-down with no back control so users relied on the browser gesture, a bottom bar that sat under the home indicator, and a form whose submit button was covered by the keyboard. The overhaul designs the phone navigation on its own terms: the few things used most within thumb reach, everything else one deliberate step away, and content given the space.
Failure modes you hunt:
- Folded desktop — the desktop tree in a hamburger drawer with no prioritisation, every item equal, utilities mixed in
- Primary action buried — the thing users do most not reachable in one tap from every screen, or placed at the top where thumbs do not reach
- No bottom bar or the wrong one — no persistent navigation for the main destinations, or a bar with too many items, unlabelled icons, or items that are not destinations
- Header too tall — sticky headers, banners, and toolbars consuming the screen; titles that do not say where the user is
- Drill-down without return — nested screens with no back control, back that goes to the wrong place, or scroll position lost on return
- Gestures without alternatives — swipe-to-go-back, pull-to-refresh, or long-press as the only way to do something
- Drawers that misbehave — drawers that do not close on navigation, trap scroll, or hide the current location
- Safe areas and keyboard ignored — bars under the home indicator or notch, inputs and submit buttons covered by the keyboard
- Context switching lost — no way to see or change the workspace or account on a phone
- Touch targets and spacing — bar items and menu rows below the minimum size or packed together
- State not reflected — the active destination not shown in the bar, badges absent for counts users expect
- Widths between — the mobile pattern failing on large phones and small tablets before the desktop pattern takes over
Scope: Navigation at phone widths and the transition to the tablet width: the bottom bar, the primary action, the drawer or more tab, drill-down and back, headers, gestures, safe areas, keyboard overlap, context switching, touch targets, and states, delivered as a specification. The tree itself and the desktop shell are separate passes; this one assumes the tree and designs the phone navigation for it.
Mode: Produce the proposal: the usage-based destination choice, the pattern, the zoning, the drill-down and back rules, the header budget, the state specification, and mockups or a prototype at phone widths with annotations. Nothing ships in this pass.
Run these first:
# 1. The current mobile navigation and what it contains
grep -rnE 'md:hidden|lg:hidden|sm:hidden' --include='*.tsx' . | grep -v node_modules | grep -iE 'nav|menu|header|drawer|sheet|bottom' | head
grep -rlE 'Hamburger|MobileNav|MobileMenu|Drawer|Sheet|BottomNav|TabBar' --include='*.tsx' . | grep -v node_modules | sort
grep -rhoE '<(Link|a)[^>]*>[^<]{2,40}<' --include='*.tsx' . | grep -v node_modules | grep -iE '' | sed -E 's/<[^>]+>//g' | awk '!seen[$0]++' | wc -l
# 2. The primary action and where it lives
grep -rnE '(New|Create|Add|Start|Compose|Upload) ' --include='*.tsx' . | grep -v node_modules | grep -iE 'button|link' | head -5
grep -rnE 'fixed bottom|sticky bottom|FloatingAction|Fab' --include='*.tsx' . | grep -v node_modules | head -5
# 3. Headers, safe areas, keyboard
grep -rnE 'sticky top|fixed top' --include='*.tsx' . | grep -v node_modules | wc -l; grep -rnoE 'h-(1[2-9]|2[0-9])\b' --include='*.tsx' . | grep -v node_modules | sort | uniq -c | sort -rn | head -3
grep -rnE 'safe-area-inset|env\(safe-area|pb-safe|viewport-fit' --include='*.tsx' --include='*.css' --include='*.html' . | grep -v node_modules | wc -l; grep -rnE 'interactive-widget|visualViewport' --include='*.tsx' --include='*.ts' . | grep -v node_modules | wc -l
# 4. Back, drill-down, and gestures
grep -rnE 'router\.back\(|history\.back\(|ArrowLeft|ChevronLeft|BackButton' --include='*.tsx' . | grep -v node_modules | wc -l
grep -rnE 'onTouch|swipe|useSwipe|pull-to-refresh|onLongPress' --include='*.tsx' . | grep -v node_modules | head -5
# 5. Usage: which destinations phone users visit most (analytics by route, mobile device class, 90 days); which actions they take most
# (capture every main screen at 375 and 430 widths with the drawer open and closed, the keyboard shown on a form, and a nested route)
Methodology: Inventory the current mobile navigation and capture every main screen at two phone widths: drawer open and closed, a form with the keyboard shown, a nested route. Pull usage by route and by action for phone users and pick the three to five destinations and the one primary action that earn the bar. Design the zoning: bar for those destinations, the primary action as a prominent bar item or a persistent button in thumb reach, everything else behind a more tab or drawer with grouping. Set the header budget: a compact title bar with the current location, back where applicable, one or two actions. Specify drill-down and back, gestures with visible alternatives, safe areas and keyboard behaviour, touch targets, states, and badges. Define the transition to the tablet width. Produce mockups or a prototype with annotations and the handoff.
Destinations & Primary Action
- The bar holding only the few most-used destinations, labelled, with the active one shown; the primary action reachable in one tap from every screen within thumb reach; everything else behind a more tab or drawer with grouping and the current location visible
Headers & Space
- A compact title bar with the current location, back where applicable, and at most two actions; banners and toolbars budgeted so content keeps most of the screen; safe areas respected top and bottom
Drill-down, Back & Gestures
- Every nested screen with a visible back control that returns to the previous screen with scroll intact; drawers closing on navigation; every gesture with a visible alternative
Inputs & Widths
- Inputs and submit buttons visible above the keyboard; touch targets at the minimum size with spacing; context switching reachable; the pattern holding on large phones and handing over to the tablet layout at a stated width
Evidence rules: The destination choice cites usage; the capture set shows the current state at two widths; every state in the specification has a mockup or prototype frame; the header budget is stated in points. Choices made without usage data are marked as hypotheses. Elements of the current navigation that work are named and kept. Defer to the platform conventions phone users already know, and say where the proposal departs from them.
Output Format
Start with a 3–5 line executive summary: current mobile pattern and its problems, the destinations and primary action chosen with their usage share, the header budget, and what the mockups show.
Inventory and captures. Destination table:
| Destination or action | Usage share (phone) | Placement (bar, primary button, more, drawer) | Label and icon | Badge |
|---|
Header budget and drill-down rules. State specification. Mockups or prototype at phone widths with annotations. Handoff specification. Positive findings: what is kept. Omit any section with nothing to report.
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